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The packaging mechanisms defined in Chapter 8 of the J2EE 1.3 specification provide a framework for pulling together all the pieces of a J2EE application. However, application server vendors are free ...

Classes and objects in Java must be initialized before they are used. You’ve previously learned that class fields are initialized to default values when classes are loaded, and that objects are ...

Groovy‘s RootLoader is a handy class that can be used to encapsulate a Groovy script’s reference to external classpath dependencies within the script itself. The documentation for RootLoader states, ...