This Collection is focused on hybrid biological models, bioinformatics, and epidemiological models. It maximizes reader understanding of control, optimization, and applications of complex biological ...

Calculus of variations establishes a framework to determine the extrema of functionals—mappings from functions to real numbers—which has been pivotal in elucidating natural principles such as the ...

Why does cancer sometimes recur after chemotherapy? Why do some bacteria survive antibiotic treatment? In many cases, the answer appears to lie not in genetic differences, but in biological noise - ...