To identify your GPU from the command line in Linux, first update the PCI ID database with "sudo update-pciids", then run "sudo lspci -v | less" and search the output for "VGA". The lshw and glxinfo ...
Whether you're looking to download a GPU-specific driver, trying to determine whether you'll be able to play a new game at a reasonable frame rate, or checking the specs on an unfamiliar PC, knowing ...