Scientists imagine virtual particles popping in and out of existence to explain how forces transfer between particles. koto_feja/iStock via Getty Images A clever mathematical tool known as virtual ...

Physicists show how microscopic particles can harness fluctuations and external forces to minimize transport energy and even extract usable work. A particle (red sphere) is guided from left to its ...

In frog brains (orange-blue), developing axons from the eye (yellow-white) follow a specific path to reach their final destination. Along the way, they make a characteristic turn. This turning is ...

Explore how forces and friction work to hold a block against a vertical wall. This video explains normal force, frictional force, and equilibrium conditions, showing how these forces balance to ...

Dipangkar Dutta receives funding from US Dept. of Energy and NSF. A clever mathematical tool known as virtual particles unlocks the strange and mysterious inner workings of subatomic particles. What ...